India is famous for its diverse culture and rich heritage had different States and Union territories. In India there was a state with various cultures, heritage, and languages bifurcated from the parent state named Madras on October 1, 1953.it is a long back struggle by a great freedom fighter Potti Sriramulu who had gone through a severe 56 days hunger strike, resulting in the formation of a new state named Andhra Pradesh. It is India's southeast state and the first state in the country which formed based on the language (Telugu). As it was Telugu speaking state there was another state named Telangana which is also Telugu speaking merged in 1956 and named “Ummadi Andhra Pradesh”. It has a total of 23 districts and districts were into regions like Telangana(10), Rayalaseema(4), Coastal Andhra (7), and Uttar Andhra (3). AP was under the rule of Satanavahanas(230 BCE–220 CE) followed by Ikshuvakus, the Pallava dynasty, the Kakatiya dynasty, the Delhi sultanates, the Vizaya Nagara empire, the Qutub shahi dynasty, and at last Britishers. Ap is home to different religions as well as different castes. According to the 2011 census, Hindus constitute more than 85%, Muslims constitute 8%, and Christianity constitutes less than 2%. From the OC community, Major castes in the state are Kama, Kapu, Reddy, Brahmin, etc. Regarding OBC Yadav/Gola is in first position, followed by some other castes, and from the SC/ST community, Madigga holds the first position followed by Mala and other communities.
Some of the important festivals in the state are Sankranti (the harvest festival), Ugadi (the Telugu New Year), Dasara (Navaratri), Diwali (the Festival of Lights), and Pongal (the Tamil harvest festival observed in the southern districts). Andhra Pradesh is famous for its art crafts like kalamkari which is known for its hand-painted design and also for Kondapalli toys, Banjara embroidery, and the metalcraft known as Bidriware. Classical music and dance forms are present in the state and Kuchipudi got its birth in the state and it is known for its expressive storytelling and movements. The political system in the state was different and you can watch crystal clear dynastic politics in the country. INC was ruling the state from 1960 to 1983 and 89 - 94, the Telugu Dasham party from 1984-89, 94-04, and 2014-19. Present YSR congress ruling the state. The first chief minister of the state was Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy and the present CM is Jagan Mohan Reddy. Even seeing the names of past and present chief minister’s state that caste was one important component in Andhra politics. The majority of Chief Ministers belong to the top castes like Reddy, kamma, and Kapu. Up to 2014 Major parties in AP are INC, TDP. When it bifurcated from Telangana parties were TDP, YSRCP and Janasena. The fathers of the three parties belong to the top castes like Kamma (TDP), Reddy (YSRCP), and Janasena(Kapu). Up to 1983 INC was ruling the state and then comes into the picture the new party was founded by one of the legendary actors N.T. Rama Rao in 1982. It was created as a challenge to the Congress' hegemony, emphasizing Telugu regional identity and acting as the party for farmers, lower castes, and middle-class citizens. The founder of TDP quoted a line “Telugu Vari AAtama Govaravam” which triggered the people and the main reason for the winning of a party in the elections. It becomes one of the main regional parties in the state. He introduced the offering of lunch to kids at government schools, distributing grains to the underprivileged for Rs 2 per kg, and outlawing alcohol in Andhra Pradesh. These were the main reasons for winning TDP in 1983. after the death of NTR the party leadership was taken by his Son-law named Nara Chandrababu Naidu in 1995. Another Major leader in Andhra politics is Y.S Rajasekhar Reddy who is the father of the present Chief Minister YS Jagan mohan reddy. His major step in politics was the Padayatra on April 9, 2003. In this yatra, he came to know about the problems of farmers as well as the major problems faced by BPL. With huge support, he won the elections and became the chief minister and again INC came into rule. His schemes are very useful to the people and still, some people in the rural areas feel him as God to them and people in his rule felt very happy and he was one of the best cm in the state. But people's happiness ended on September 2, 2009. It is a un imagined situation in the Ap and people went to tears after listening that YSR is no more. Here, the sphere of State politics changed and there are no constant chief ministers another major issue in the state was the Telangana movement was at its peak. So many rallies and movements were happening in the state that the Andhra people don’t want bifurcate whereas Telangana wants bifurcation from Andhra Pradesh. As both movements were at a peak central Government had to decide the future of the state. It was an unforgettable day for the Andhra people that they are going to lose their brothers and sisters. On June 2nd, 2014, Telangana bifurcated from Andhra Pradesh and became a new state in the country. It was one of the major changes in state politics which resulted in the formation of two parties named Yuvajana Shramaika Rythu Congress Party(YSCRP) by Jagan Mohan Reddy and Janasena by famous Actor Pawan Kalyan. Alliance of TDP, BJP, and Janasena alliance won the 2014 elections. I don’t whether it is a myth or real that whosoever does Padayatra in the state, is going to win the upcoming elections. It became real when it comes former CMs Y.S Rajasekhar Reddy, Chandrababu Naidu, and present CM Jagan Mohan Reddy. Here, the mother divided two brothers, and important property (Capital City) was given to one guy and promises were given to another brother and still that brother is fighting for given promises. Many old scriptures say that a mother never shows partiality towards her children but here it was a different scenario. Some of the important promises were Hyderabad can be used as the common capital for both states, special status to Andhra Pradesh, South Coast Railway Zone to Andhra Pradesh, and Some central based Educational institutes need to be established in different districts of the state, Steel plant in the Kadapa, Metro Rail facility in the Vishakhapatnam, Division of water resources between two states and headquarters of Godavari river board should be in Telangana and Krishna River Board in Andhra Pradesh and mother(Central Govt) should consider Polavaram irrigation project should be considered Central Government Project. These were written under different sections of the Ap reorganization Act 2014. Still, one brother is fighting for the fulfillment of the Promises from his mother.
Other than promises from his mother he is also having some other problems like Three capital issues, the completion of the polavaram project, and the issue of Amaravathi farmers. At present the ruling party is Yscrp and the opposition is TDP and Janasena. Last but not least AP state has a total of 175 state assembly seats and 25 Loksabha seats. after the 2014 state bifurcation, it had 13 districts and at present it increased to 26 Districts.
Hope shortly Mother fulfills her promises and that AP going to see as a prosperous state and rich state in the country.
